lane G M17: memory capsule — zero-backend shareable bundle + Range-capable serve.py

build_capsule copies frontend/dist (clear error if missing), copies referenced media,
bakes every read-only API response extension-less at the live API's relative paths
(manifest with capsule:true + has_capture:false, events, anchors, poses, beats,
pointcloud, splat, audio via the same lazy extract_audio_hq cache, plus M16 saved
paths — listing baked as api/paths/index.html so per-id files can share the prefix),
injects window.__F4D_API_BASE__="" ahead of the app script, and ships a stdlib
serve.py (206 Range slicing incl. suffix ranges + 416, JSON content types for the
extension-less api/* files). Optional artifacts degrade by omission.

test_capsule.py: bundle structure, baked-JSON deep-equal vs the live route functions,
injection position, degrade/overwrite-guard/no-dist errors, CLI dispatch (CR-4), and
serve.py exercised over real HTTP in a subprocess (200/206/416/404, content types,
mp4+m4a magic bytes). Suite: 169 passed.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

backend/festival4d/capsule.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-"""Memory capsule: zero-backend shareable export (spec M17, lane G). STUB — lane G fills.
+"""Memory capsule: zero-backend shareable export (spec M17, lane G).
 
 Contract: :func:`build_capsule` writes a self-contained bundle to ``out_dir`` (default
 ``config.CAPSULE_DIR``):
@@ -16,13 +16,300 @@ Contract: :func:`build_capsule` writes a self-contained bundle to ``out_dir`` (d
 
 Skip what doesn't exist (no splat -> no ``api/splat``) — degrade, don't block.
 Returns a summary dict (bundle path, file count, bytes) for the CLI log.
+
+Layout mirror (why paths look the way they do): the frontend resolves every URL as
+``API_BASE + path`` with API_BASE == "" in a capsule, so requests hit the bundle root:
+``fetch("/api/manifest")`` (no extension — bake the file extension-less; serve.py maps
+extension-less ``api/*`` files to a JSON content type), ``video.src = "/media/<filename>"``
+(manifest ``url`` fields are ``/media/{filename}`` — media files are copied under
+``media/``), PLY loader hits ``/api/pointcloud``, the WebAudio clock fetches
+``/api/audio/{id}``. Saved camera paths (M16) are read-only in a capsule, so
+``api/paths`` + ``api/paths/{id}`` are baked too — the load dropdown keeps working.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import json
+import logging
+import shutil
 from pathlib import Path
 
+from festival4d import config, db
 
-def build_capsule(out_dir: str | Path | None = None) -> dict:
+log = logging.getLogger("festival4d.capsule")
-    """Build the static shareable bundle (see module doc)."""
+
-    raise NotImplementedError("memory capsule (lane G / M17)")
+# Injected verbatim (phase-5 contract #5): a runtime override that beats the build-time
+# VITE_API_BASE, turning the same dist bundle zero-backend. Must land in index.html before
+# the app module reads it (modules are deferred, but we inject ahead of the first <script>
+# anyway so execution order is obvious).
+_API_BASE_SNIPPET = '<script>window.__F4D_API_BASE__=""</script>'
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# serve.py shipped in the bundle root (stdlib-only, Range-capable — pitfall #4)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+SERVE_PY = r'''#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Serve this Festival 4D memory capsule locally.
+
+Plain `python -m http.server` cannot answer HTTP Range requests, and <video>
+seeking needs 206 partial responses — so the capsule ships this tiny stdlib
+server instead. No dependencies beyond Python 3.8+.
+
+    python serve.py [--port 8080] [--host 127.0.0.1]
+
+Then open http://127.0.0.1:8080/ in a browser.
+"""
+import argparse
+import os
+import re
+from functools import partial
+from http.server import SimpleHTTPRequestHandler, ThreadingHTTPServer
+
+ROOT = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
+
+_RANGE = re.compile(r"bytes=(\d*)-(\d*)$")
+
+
+class _Slice:
+    """File wrapper that reads at most `length` bytes (the body of a 206)."""
+
+    def __init__(self, f, length):
+        self._f = f
+        self._left = length
+
+    def read(self, n=-1):
+        if self._left <= 0:
+            return b""
+        if n < 0 or n > self._left:
+            n = self._left
+        data = self._f.read(n)
+        self._left -= len(data)
+        return data
+
+    def close(self):
+        self._f.close()
+
+
+class RangeHandler(SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
+    protocol_version = "HTTP/1.1"
+
+    def guess_type(self, path):
+        # Baked API responses are extension-less files at the live API's relative
+        # paths; give them the content types the live server would have used.
+        url = self.path.split("?", 1)[0].split("#", 1)[0].lstrip("/")
+        if "." not in url.rsplit("/", 1)[-1]:
+            if url.startswith("api/audio/"):
+                return "audio/mp4"
+            if url in ("api/pointcloud", "api/splat"):
+                return "application/octet-stream"
+            if url.startswith("api/"):
+                return "application/json"
+        return super().guess_type(path)
+
+    def send_head(self):
+        path = self.translate_path(self.path)
+        if os.path.isdir(path):
+            # Directory -> index.html (the SPA entry), stock behavior.
+            return super().send_head()
+        try:
+            f = open(path, "rb")
+        except OSError:
+            self.send_error(404, "File not found")
+            return None
+        try:
+            size = os.fstat(f.fileno()).st_size
+            start, end, status = 0, size - 1, 200
+            m = _RANGE.match(self.headers.get("Range", "").strip())
+            if m and (m.group(1) or m.group(2)):
+                if m.group(1):
+                    start = int(m.group(1))
+                    if m.group(2):
+                        end = min(int(m.group(2)), size - 1)
+                else:  # suffix form: bytes=-N (the final N bytes)
+                    start = max(size - int(m.group(2)), 0)
+                if start >= size:
+                    self.send_response(416)
+                    self.send_header("Content-Range", "bytes */%d" % size)
+                    self.send_header("Content-Length", "0")
+                    self.end_headers()
+                    f.close()
+                    return None
+                status = 206
+            self.send_response(status)
+            self.send_header("Content-Type", self.guess_type(path))
+            self.send_header("Accept-Ranges", "bytes")
+            self.send_header("Content-Length", str(end - start + 1))
+            if status == 206:
+                self.send_header("Content-Range", "bytes %d-%d/%d" % (start, end, size))
+            self.end_headers()
+            f.seek(start)
+            return _Slice(f, end - start + 1)
+        except Exception:
+            f.close()
+            raise
+
+
+def main():
+    ap = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Serve this Festival 4D capsule (Range-capable).")
+    ap.add_argument("--host", default="127.0.0.1")
+    ap.add_argument("--port", type=int, default=8080)
+    args = ap.parse_args()
+    handler = partial(RangeHandler, directory=ROOT)
+    httpd = ThreadingHTTPServer((args.host, args.port), handler)
+    print("Festival 4D capsule -> http://%s:%d/" % (args.host, args.port))
+    try:
+        httpd.serve_forever()
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        pass
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+'''
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def _bake_json(path: Path, obj) -> None:
+    path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    path.write_text(json.dumps(obj, indent=2))
+
+
+def _inject_api_base(index_html: Path) -> None:
+    """Insert the runtime API-base override into the copied index.html."""
+    html = index_html.read_text()
+    if "__F4D_API_BASE__" in html:
+        return  # already injected (rebuild over an old bundle copy)
+    i = html.find("<script")
+    if i == -1:
+        i = html.find("</head>")
+    if i != -1:
+        html = html[:i] + _API_BASE_SNIPPET + "\n    " + html[i:]
+    else:  # no <script> and no </head> — degenerate page; prepend
+        html = _API_BASE_SNIPPET + "\n" + html
+    index_html.write_text(html)
+
+
+def _prepare_out_dir(out: Path) -> None:
+    """Refuse to clobber a directory that isn't (or wasn't) a capsule."""
+    if not out.exists():
+        return
+    contents = list(out.iterdir())
+    is_previous_capsule = (out / "serve.py").exists() or (out / "index.html").exists()
+    if contents and not is_previous_capsule:
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            f"output dir {out} exists and does not look like a previous capsule — "
+            "refusing to overwrite; pass an empty/new --out"
+        )
+    shutil.rmtree(out)
+
+
+def _summary(out: Path) -> dict:
+    files = [p for p in out.rglob("*") if p.is_file()]
+    return {
+        "bundle": str(out),
+        "files": len(files),
+        "bytes": sum(p.stat().st_size for p in files),
+    }
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Entry point
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def build_capsule(out_dir: str | Path | None = None,
+                  dist_dir: str | Path | None = None) -> dict:
+    """Build the static shareable bundle (see module doc).
+
+    ``dist_dir`` overrides the frontend build location (default
+    ``<repo>/frontend/dist``) — used by tests to point at a fabricated dist.
+    """
+    # The API module is the single source of truth for response shapes — its route
+    # functions are plain callables returning the exact dicts the live server sends,
+    # so baking through them can never drift from the frozen contract.
+    from festival4d import api, ingest
+
+    dist = Path(dist_dir) if dist_dir is not None else config.REPO_ROOT / "frontend" / "dist"
+    if not (dist / "index.html").exists():
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            f"frontend build not found at {dist} — run `cd frontend && npm run build` first"
+        )
+
+    out = Path(out_dir) if out_dir is not None else config.CAPSULE_DIR
+    _prepare_out_dir(out)
+
+    db.init_engine()
+    db.init_db()
+    videos = db.get_videos()
+
+    # 1. Frontend bundle + runtime API-base override.
+    shutil.copytree(dist, out)
+    _inject_api_base(out / "index.html")
+
+    # 2. Media (only the files the manifest references — RAW_DIR may hold strays).
+    media_dir = out / "media"
+    media_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    for v in videos:
+        src = config.RAW_DIR / v.filename
+        if src.exists():
+            shutil.copy2(src, media_dir / v.filename)
+        else:
+            log.warning("capsule: source video missing, skipped: %s", src)
+
+    # 3. Baked read-only API responses, at the SAME relative paths the live API serves
+    #    (extension-less on purpose — the frontend fetches e.g. `${API_BASE}/api/manifest`).
+    api_dir = out / "api"
+    manifest = api.manifest()
+    manifest["capsule"] = True       # frontend hides all write UI (contract #5)
+    manifest["has_capture"] = False  # capture routes never exist in a static bundle
+    _bake_json(api_dir / "manifest", manifest)
+    _bake_json(api_dir / "events", api.get_events())
+    _bake_json(api_dir / "anchors", api.get_anchors())
+    for v in videos:
+        _bake_json(api_dir / "videos" / str(v.id) / "poses", api.video_poses(v.id))
+
+    # Saved camera paths (M16) — read-only in a capsule, so the load dropdown still works.
+    # A filesystem can't hold both a FILE `api/paths` and per-id files under `api/paths/`,
+    # so the listing is baked as the directory's index.html: GET /api/paths gets the stock
+    # 301 -> /api/paths/ -> index.html (fetch follows redirects), and serve.py's URL-based
+    # content-type override still labels it application/json.
+    _bake_json(api_dir / "paths" / "index.html", api.get_paths())
+    for p in db.get_paths():
+        _bake_json(api_dir / "paths" / str(p.id), api.get_path(p.id))
+
+    # Optional artifacts: bake when present, silently omit when not (the frontend already
+    # handles the 404s serve.py will answer for the missing files — degrade, don't block).
+    if config.BEATS_JSON.exists():
+        _bake_json(api_dir / "beats", json.loads(config.BEATS_JSON.read_text()))
+    if config.POINTS_PLY.exists():
+        api_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        shutil.copy2(config.POINTS_PLY, api_dir / "pointcloud")
+    if config.SPLAT_PLY.exists():
+        api_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        shutil.copy2(config.SPLAT_PLY, api_dir / "splat")
+
+    # 4. Soundtracks for the WebAudio master clock: reuse the live server's lazy cache,
+    #    extracting on demand exactly like GET /api/audio/{id} would have.
+    import subprocess
+
+    for v in videos:
+        src = config.RAW_DIR / v.filename
+        cached = config.AUDIO_HQ_DIR / f"{v.id}.m4a"
+        if src.exists() and (not cached.exists() or cached.stat().st_mtime < src.stat().st_mtime):
+            try:
+                ingest.extract_audio_hq(src, cached)
+            except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, RuntimeError, OSError) as exc:
+                log.warning("capsule: no extractable audio for video %s: %s", v.id, exc)
+        if cached.exists():
+            audio_out = api_dir / "audio" / str(v.id)
+            audio_out.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+            shutil.copy2(cached, audio_out)
+
+    # 5. The Range-capable server (pitfall #4).
+    serve_py = out / "serve.py"
+    serve_py.write_text(SERVE_PY)
+    serve_py.chmod(serve_py.stat().st_mode | 0o111)
+
+    summary = _summary(out)
+    log.info("capsule: baked %(files)d files (%(bytes)d bytes) at %(bundle)s", summary)
+    return summary

backend/tests/test_capsule.py

@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+"""M17 memory capsule (lane G): bundle structure, baked-JSON validity, serve.py Range.
+
+Builds a real capsule from the synthetic project (temp data dir per conftest) against a
+fabricated frontend dist (spec allows this — running npm inside tests would be neither
+hermetic nor fast), then boots the bundled ``serve.py`` in a subprocess and exercises it
+over HTTP: 200s, JSON content types on the extension-less baked API files, and the 206
+Range behavior video seeking depends on (phase-5 pitfall #4).
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import shutil
+import socket
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import time
+import urllib.error
+import urllib.request
+
+import pytest
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.skipif(
+    shutil.which("ffmpeg") is None or shutil.which("ffprobe") is None,
+    reason="ffmpeg/ffprobe required to build the synthetic capsule fixture",
+)
+
+CAMPATH = {
+    "version": 1,
+    "keyframes": [
+        {"t_global": 0.2, "pos": [0.0, 1.0, 5.0], "quat": [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0], "fov": 50.0},
+        {"t_global": 0.8, "pos": [2.0, 1.0, 4.0], "quat": [0.0, 0.5, 0.0, 0.8660254], "fov": 42.0},
+    ],
+}
+BEATS = {"tempo_bpm": 120.0, "beats_s": [0.25, 0.75], "onsets": [],
+         "generated_by": "festival4d.audio_features"}
+SPLAT_BYTES = b"ply\nfake-splat-for-tests\n"
+API_SNIPPET = '<script>window.__F4D_API_BASE__=""</script>'
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Fixtures
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def project():
+    """Synthetic project + every optional artifact seeded (beats, splat, a saved path)."""
+    from festival4d import config, db, synthetic
+
+    synthetic.build(duration_s=1.0, run_ffmpeg=True)  # into the temp data dir (conftest)
+    db.init_engine()
+    db.init_db()
+    config.BEATS_JSON.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    config.BEATS_JSON.write_text(json.dumps(BEATS))
+    config.SPLAT_PLY.write_bytes(SPLAT_BYTES)
+    saved = db.add_path("capsule sweep", json.dumps(CAMPATH))
+    yield {"path_id": saved.id}
+    # Leave the shared session data dir as later test modules expect to find it.
+    config.BEATS_JSON.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+    config.SPLAT_PLY.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+    db.delete_path(saved.id)
+
+
+def _make_dist(root):
+    """A minimal Vite-shaped dist: index.html with a module <script> + one asset."""
+    root.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    (root / "assets").mkdir(exist_ok=True)
+    (root / "assets" / "index.js").write_text("console.log('festival4d test dist');\n")
+    (root / "index.html").write_text(
+        "<!doctype html>\n<html>\n  <head>\n    <meta charset=\"UTF-8\" />\n"
+        "    <title>Festival 4D</title>\n"
+        "    <script type=\"module\" crossorigin src=\"/assets/index.js\"></script>\n"
+        "  </head>\n  <body><div id=\"app\"></div></body>\n</html>\n"
+    )
+    return root
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def fake_dist(tmp_path_factory):
+    return _make_dist(tmp_path_factory.mktemp("frontend") / "dist")
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def bundle(project, fake_dist, tmp_path_factory):
+    from festival4d import capsule
+
+    out = tmp_path_factory.mktemp("capsule") / "bundle"
+    summary = capsule.build_capsule(out_dir=out, dist_dir=fake_dist)
+    return out, summary
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def server(bundle):
+    """The bundle's own serve.py, running as a real subprocess in the bundle root."""
+    out, _ = bundle
+    with socket.socket() as s:
+        s.bind(("127.0.0.1", 0))
+        port = s.getsockname()[1]
+    proc = subprocess.Popen(
+        [sys.executable, "serve.py", "--port", str(port)],
+        cwd=out, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+    )
+    base = f"http://127.0.0.1:{port}"
+    try:
+        deadline = time.monotonic() + 15
+        while True:
+            try:
+                urllib.request.urlopen(f"{base}/api/manifest", timeout=1).read()
+                break
+            except OSError:
+                if proc.poll() is not None or time.monotonic() > deadline:
+                    raise RuntimeError(
+                        f"serve.py did not come up: {proc.stdout.read().decode(errors='replace')}"
+                    )
+                time.sleep(0.1)
+        yield base
+    finally:
+        proc.terminate()
+        proc.wait(timeout=5)
+
+
+def _get(url, headers=None):
+    """GET returning (status, headers, body); headers stay a case-insensitive Message."""
+    req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers=headers or {})
+    try:
+        with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=5) as resp:
+            return resp.status, resp.headers, resp.read()
+    except urllib.error.HTTPError as err:
+        return err.code, err.headers, err.read()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Bundle structure
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def test_bundle_structure(bundle):
+    from festival4d import db
+
+    out, summary = bundle
+    for rel in ("index.html", "serve.py", "assets/index.js",
+                "api/manifest", "api/events", "api/anchors",
+                "api/beats", "api/pointcloud", "api/splat",
+                # the paths listing lives at paths/index.html so per-id files can
+                # coexist under the same URL prefix (see capsule.py)
+                "api/paths/index.html"):
+        assert (out / rel).is_file(), f"missing {rel}"
+    for v in db.get_videos():
+        assert (out / "media" / v.filename).is_file()
+        assert (out / "api" / "videos" / str(v.id) / "poses").is_file()
+        assert (out / "api" / "audio" / str(v.id)).is_file()
+    assert summary["bundle"] == str(out)
+    assert summary["files"] >= 10
+    assert summary["bytes"] > 0
+
+
+def test_baked_manifest_is_capsule_true_and_urls_resolve(bundle):
+    out, _ = bundle
+    manifest = json.loads((out / "api" / "manifest").read_text())
+    assert manifest["capsule"] is True
+    assert manifest["has_capture"] is False  # capture routes never exist in a static bundle
+    assert manifest["has_poses"] is True and manifest["has_splat"] is True
+    assert manifest["t_global_max"] > 0
+    assert len(manifest["videos"]) >= 2
+    for v in manifest["videos"]:
+        # Every manifest URL must resolve inside the bundle (API_BASE == "" ⇒ root-relative).
+        assert v["url"].startswith("/media/")
+        assert (out / v["url"].lstrip("/")).is_file()
+
+
+def test_baked_json_matches_live_api_shapes(bundle, project):
+    from festival4d import api, db
+
+    out, _ = bundle
+    manifest = json.loads((out / "api" / "manifest").read_text())
+    live = api.manifest()
+    assert set(manifest) == set(live)  # key set identical to the live route
+    assert json.loads((out / "api" / "events").read_text()) == api.get_events()
+    assert json.loads((out / "api" / "anchors").read_text()) == api.get_anchors()
+    for v in db.get_videos():
+        baked = json.loads((out / "api" / "videos" / str(v.id) / "poses").read_text())
+        assert baked == api.video_poses(v.id)
+        assert len(baked) > 0
+
+    assert json.loads((out / "api" / "beats").read_text()) == BEATS
+    assert (out / "api" / "splat").read_bytes() == SPLAT_BYTES
+    assert (out / "api" / "pointcloud").read_bytes()[:3] == b"ply"
+
+    # Saved camera paths (M16) baked read-only so the load dropdown works zero-backend.
+    listing = json.loads((out / "api" / "paths" / "index.html").read_text())
+    assert [p["name"] for p in listing] == ["capsule sweep"]
+    pid = project["path_id"]
+    assert json.loads((out / "api" / "paths" / str(pid)).read_text())["json"] == CAMPATH
+
+
+def test_index_html_injects_api_base_before_app_script(bundle):
+    out, _ = bundle
+    html = (out / "index.html").read_text()
+    assert html.count(API_SNIPPET) == 1
+    assert html.index(API_SNIPPET) < html.index('type="module"')
+
+
+def test_optional_artifacts_omitted_when_absent(project, fake_dist, tmp_path):
+    """Degrade, don't block: no beats/splat ⇒ those files are simply not baked."""
+    from festival4d import capsule, config
+
+    beats, splat = config.BEATS_JSON.read_text(), config.SPLAT_PLY.read_bytes()
+    config.BEATS_JSON.unlink()
+    config.SPLAT_PLY.unlink()
+    try:
+        out = tmp_path / "bare"
+        capsule.build_capsule(out_dir=out, dist_dir=fake_dist)
+        assert not (out / "api" / "beats").exists()
+        assert not (out / "api" / "splat").exists()
+        manifest = json.loads((out / "api" / "manifest").read_text())
+        assert manifest["has_splat"] is False
+        assert manifest["capsule"] is True
+    finally:
+        config.BEATS_JSON.write_text(beats)
+        config.SPLAT_PLY.write_bytes(splat)
+
+
+def test_missing_dist_errors_clearly(tmp_path):
+    from festival4d import capsule
+
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="npm run build"):
+        capsule.build_capsule(out_dir=tmp_path / "never", dist_dir=tmp_path / "no-dist")
+    assert not (tmp_path / "never").exists()
+
+
+def test_rebuild_overwrites_previous_capsule_but_not_strangers(bundle, fake_dist, project, tmp_path):
+    from festival4d import capsule
+
+    # A non-capsule, non-empty directory is refused (don't eat someone's folder).
+    stranger = tmp_path / "stranger"
+    stranger.mkdir()
+    (stranger / "precious.txt").write_text("do not delete")
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="refusing"):
+        capsule.build_capsule(out_dir=stranger, dist_dir=fake_dist)
+    assert (stranger / "precious.txt").exists()
+
+    # Rebuilding over a previous capsule works and never double-injects the snippet.
+    out, _ = bundle
+    capsule.build_capsule(out_dir=out, dist_dir=fake_dist)
+    assert (out / "index.html").read_text().count(API_SNIPPET) == 1
+
+
+def test_cli_capsule_dispatch(project, fake_dist, tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    """`python -m festival4d capsule` (CR-4: the stub exit-2 contract is retired)."""
+    from festival4d import cli, config
+
+    # The CLI has no --dist flag; point the repo-root lookup at a fabricated tree.
+    fake_root = tmp_path / "repo"
+    _make_dist(fake_root / "frontend" / "dist")
+    monkeypatch.setattr(config, "REPO_ROOT", fake_root)
+
+    out = tmp_path / "cli-bundle"
+    assert cli.main(["capsule", "--out", str(out)]) == 0
+    assert (out / "serve.py").is_file()
+    assert json.loads((out / "api" / "manifest").read_text())["capsule"] is True
+
+    # And the no-dist error path is a clear message, not a stub exit.
+    monkeypatch.setattr(config, "REPO_ROOT", tmp_path / "empty-repo")
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="npm run build"):
+        cli.main(["capsule", "--out", str(tmp_path / "nope")])
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# serve.py over real HTTP
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def test_serve_index_and_json_content_types(server):
+    status, headers, body = _get(f"{server}/")
+    assert status == 200
+    assert headers["Content-Type"].startswith("text/html")
+    assert API_SNIPPET.encode() in body
+
+    status, headers, body = _get(f"{server}/api/manifest")
+    assert status == 200
+    assert headers["Content-Type"] == "application/json"  # extension-less baked file
+    assert json.loads(body)["capsule"] is True
+
+    for rel, ctype in (("api/events", "application/json"),
+                       ("api/paths", "application/json"),
+                       ("api/pointcloud", "application/octet-stream"),
+                       ("api/splat", "application/octet-stream")):
+        status, headers, _ = _get(f"{server}/{rel}")
+        assert (status, headers["Content-Type"]) == (200, ctype), rel
+
+
+def test_serve_video_range_206(server, bundle):
+    out, _ = bundle
+    manifest = json.loads((out / "api" / "manifest").read_text())
+    url = manifest["videos"][0]["url"]  # "/media/<filename>"
+    size = (out / url.lstrip("/")).stat().st_size
+
+    # Plain GET: 200, full body, and Range support advertised (browsers probe this).
+    status, headers, body = _get(f"{server}{url}")
+    assert status == 200
+    assert headers["Accept-Ranges"] == "bytes"
+    assert int(headers["Content-Length"]) == size == len(body)
+
+    # bytes=0-100 ⇒ 206 with exactly 101 bytes and a correct Content-Range.
+    status, headers, body = _get(f"{server}{url}", {"Range": "bytes=0-100"})
+    assert status == 206
+    assert headers["Content-Range"] == f"bytes 0-100/{size}"
+    assert len(body) == 101
+    assert body[4:8] == b"ftyp"  # mp4 magic — it's really the video's first bytes
+
+    # Open-ended seek (bytes=N-) ⇒ the tail from N.
+    mid = size // 2
+    status, headers, body = _get(f"{server}{url}", {"Range": f"bytes={mid}-"})
+    assert status == 206
+    assert headers["Content-Range"] == f"bytes {mid}-{size - 1}/{size}"
+    assert len(body) == size - mid
+
+    # Suffix form (bytes=-N) ⇒ the final N bytes (mp4 moov probing does this).
+    status, headers, body = _get(f"{server}{url}", {"Range": "bytes=-50"})
+    assert status == 206
+    assert headers["Content-Range"] == f"bytes {size - 50}-{size - 1}/{size}"
+    assert len(body) == 50
+
+    # Start past EOF ⇒ 416 with the total size.
+    status, headers, _ = _get(f"{server}{url}", {"Range": f"bytes={size + 10}-"})
+    assert status == 416
+    assert headers["Content-Range"] == f"bytes */{size}"
+
+
+def test_serve_audio_bytes_and_range(server, bundle):
+    status, headers, body = _get(f"{server}/api/audio/1")
+    assert status == 200
+    assert headers["Content-Type"] == "audio/mp4"
+    assert body[4:8] == b"ftyp"  # m4a container magic
+    # The WebAudio clock fetches whole files, but Range must still work on audio.
+    status, headers, part = _get(f"{server}/api/audio/1", {"Range": "bytes=0-15"})
+    assert status == 206 and part == body[:16]
+
+
+def test_serve_missing_file_404(server):
+    assert _get(f"{server}/api/nope")[0] == 404
+    assert _get(f"{server}/media/ghost.mp4")[0] == 404